Ethnically and linguistically completely different from the other Indonesian populations, West Papua was granted independence but, in breach of an agreement with the Netherlands, the previous colonial master, Indonesia illegally invaded in the early 60s, an invasion, supposedly legitimised by a vote of 1000 or so tribal leaders under the gun. Indonesia has maintained a reign of terror carried out by its armed force since that time.

http://scoop.co.nz/stories/HL0906/S00193.htm